Jana Gana Mana English Translation
Jan 17, 2018 Translation of The national anthem- Jana Gana Mana In English Thou are the ruler of the minds of all people, dispenser of India's destiny. The name rouses the hearts of Punjab, Sind, Gujurat and Maratha.
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Jana Gana Mana (Bengali: জন গণ মন, Jôno Gôno Mono) is the national anthem of India. Written in highly Sanskritized Bengali, it is the first of five stanzas of a Brahmo hymn composed and scored by Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore. It was first sung at the Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress on 27 December 1911. Jana Gana Mana was officially adopted by the Constituent Assembly as the Indian national anthem on January 24, 1950.
An earlier poem by Tagore (Amar Shonar Bangla) was later selected as the national anthem of Bangladesh. A formal rendition of the national anthem takes fifty-two seconds. A shortened version consisting of the first and last lines (and taking about 20 seconds to play) is also staged occasionally.[1] Tagore wrote down the English translation of the song and along with Margaret Cousins (an expert in European music and wife of Irish poet James Cousins), set down the notation which is followed till this day.
India National Anthem Lyrics
India
jana-gaNa-mana-adhinAyaka, jaya he'
bhArata-bhAgya-vidhAtA
punjAba-sindhu-gujarAta-marAThA-
drAviDa-utkaLa-bangA
vindhya himAchala yamunA gangA
uchchala jaladhi tarangA
tava Subha nAme' jAge'
tava Subha ASisha mAge'
gAhe' tava jaya-gAthA
jana-gaNa-mangaLadAyaka, jaya he'
bhArata-bhAgya-vidhAtA
jaya he', jaya he', jaya he',
jaya jaya jaya, jaya he'
English Translation:
Thou art the rulers of the minds of all people,
dispenser of India's destiny.
Thy name rouses the hearts of Punjab, Sind, Gujarat and Maratha,
Of the Dravida and Orissa and Bengal;
It echoes in the hills of the Vindhyas and Himalayas,
mingles in the music of Yamuna and Ganga and is chanted by
the waves of the Indian Sea.
They pray for thy blessings and sing thy praise.
The saving of all people waits in thy hand,
thou dispenser of India's destiny,
Victory, victory, victory to thee.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| English:Jana Gana Mana (Thou Art theRuler of the Minds of All People) | |
|---|---|
| Jôno Gôno Mono | |
Sheet music for Jana Gana Mana. | |
| National anthem of | India |
| Lyrics | Rabindranath Tagore |
| Music | Rabindranath Tagore/Ram SinghThakur |
| Adopted | 1950 |
| Music sample | |
Jana Gana Mana (Bengali: জন গণ মনJôno Gôno Mono) is the national anthemof India. Written in highly SanskritizedBengali, itis the first of five stanzas of a Brahmo hymn composed and scored by Nobel laureateRabindranath Tagore. It was firstsung at the Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress on 27December 1911. Jana Gana Mana was officially adopted bythe Constituent Assembly as the Indian national anthem on January24, 1950.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
An earlier poem by Tagore (Amar Shonar Bangla) was laterselected as the national anthem of Bangladesh. A formal renditionof the national anthem takes fifty-two seconds. A shortened versionconsisting of the first and last lines (and taking about20 seconds to play) is also staged occasionally.[1]Tagore wrote down the English translation of the song and alongwith Cousins'wife, Margaret (an expert in European music), set down the notationwhich is followed till this day.[8]
Contents
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Lyrics
Although written in Bengali, the pronunciation of the anthem variesconsiderably across India due to the country's extensive linguisticdiversity. The transcription belowreflects the original Bengali pronunciation, in both the Bengali scriptand romanization. Many of the silent lettersfound in the lyrics are pronounced by speakers of other Indianlanguages, reflecting a spelling pronunciation of theBengali text, and often matching the pronunciation of the cognate words in the speaker'snative language.
| Bengaliscript | Bengaliphonemic transcription | NLKtransliteration |
|---|---|---|
|
| Jana gaṇa mana adhināyaka jaya he |
Translation into English
The following translation, attributed to Tagore, is provided bythe Government of India's national portal:[9]
Thou art the ruler of the minds of all people,
Dispenser of India's destiny.
Thy name rouses the hearts of Punjab, Sind,
Gujarat and Maratha,
Of the Dravida and Orissa and Bengal;
It echoes in the hills of the Vindhyas and Himalayas,
mingles in the music of Jamuna and Ganges and is
chanted by the waves of the Indian Sea.
They pray for thy blessings and sing thy praise.
The saving of all people waits in thy hand,
Thou dispenser of India's destiny.
Victory, victory, victory to thee.
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Controversies
Controversy exists regarding the appropriateness of JanaGana Mana as the national anthem of an independent India. Thepoem was composed in December 1911, precisely at the time of the Coronation Durbar ofGeorge V, and isconsidered by some to be a paeanin praise of 'the overlord of India's destiny'. The composition wasfirst sung during a convention of the then loyalist Indian National Congress in Calcuttaon Dec. 16, 1911.[10] It wassung on the second day of the convention, and the agenda of thatday devoted itself to a loyal welcome of George V on his visit toIndia. The event was reported thus in the British Indian press:
Indian National Anthem Translation
'The Bengali poet Babu Rabindranath Tagore sang a song composedby him specially to welcome the Emperor.' (Statesman, Dec. 28,1911)
'The proceedings began with the singing by Babu Rabindranath Tagoreof a song specially composed by him in honour of the Emperor.'(Englishman, Dec. 28, 1911)
'When the proceedings of the Indian National Congress began onWednesday 27th December 1911, a Bengali song in welcome of theEmperor was sung. A resolution welcoming the Emperor and Empresswas also adopted unanimously.' (Indian, Dec. 29, 1911)
The belief gained ground that the poem had been written inhonour of the visiting monarch. Others aver that the newspaperreports cited above were misguided, the confusion arising since adifferent song, written in Hindiby Rambhuj Chaudhary, was sung[11] onthe same occasion in praise of the monarch. However, the two poemswere written in different languages; Tagore already enjoyed muchfame in India, and newspaper reports are both consistent andcategorical on the point of Tagore having himself sung hiscomposition on the occasion.
Other explanations for the motivations that informed thecreation of the poem have been proposed. On a visit to India, thepoet Yeatsreceived a visit from an Indian admirer who was also, in Yeats'words, 'an Indian devotee' of Tagore. In a letter to a lady friend,Yeats quoted this unnamed devotee as giving him a 'strictly off therecords' version of events dealing with the writing of JanaGana Mana. Thus, Tagore is said to have written the poem inhonour of God. In a letter to Pulin Behari Sen, Tagore himselfwrote:[12]
'A certain high official in His Majesty's service, who was alsomy friend, had requested that I write a song of felicitationtowards the Emperor. The request simply amazed me. It caused agreat stir in my heart. In response to that great mental turmoil, Ipronounced the victory in Jana Gana Mana of that Bhagya Vidhata[ed. God of Destiny] of Indiawho has from age after age held steadfast the reins of India'schariot through rise and fall, through the straight path and thecurved. That Lord of Destiny, that Reader of the Collective Mind ofIndia, that Perennial Guide, could never be George V, George VI, orany other George. Even my official friend understood this about thesong. After all, even if his admiration for the crown wasexcessive, he was not lacking in simple common sense.'
In 2005, there were calls to delete the word 'Sindh' andsubstitute it with the word Kashmir. The argument was that Sindh was no longer a part of India, havingbecome part of Pakistan as a result of the Partitionof 1947. Opponents of this proposal hold that the word 'Sindh'refers to the Indus and to Sindhi culture and people which are anintegral part of India's cultural fabric. The Supreme Court of India refusedto tamper with the national anthem and the wording remainsunchanged.
In July 1985 in the state of Kerala, some of the Jehovah'sWitnesses' children were expelled from school under the instructions of DeputyInspector of Schools for having refused to sing the nationalanthem, Jana Gana Mana. A parent, V. J. Emmanuel, appealed to theSupreme Court of India for legalremedy. On August 11, 1986, the Supreme Court overruled the Kerala HighCourt, and directed the respondent authorities to re-admit thechildren into the school. The decision went on to add: 'Our traditionteaches tolerance, our philosophy teaches tolerance, our Constitution practices tolerance,let us not dilute it'.[13]
English composition inMadanapalle
Rabindranath Tagore translated Jana Gana Mana from Bengali toEnglish and also set it to music in Madanapalle, a town in AndhraPradesh.
Though the Bengali song had been written in 1911, it was largelyunknown except to the readers of the Brahmo Samaj journal, 'TatvaBodha Prakasika', of which Tagore was the editor.
During 1918-19, Tagore accepted an invitation from friend andcontroversial Irish poet James H. Cousinsto spend a few days at the Besant TheosophicalCollege, of which Cousins was the principal. On the evening ofFebruary 28, he joined a gathering of students and upon Cousins'request, sang the Jana Gana Mana in Bengali. In the days thatfollowed, enchanted by the dreamy hills of Madanapalle, Tagorewrote down the English translation of the song and along withCousins' wife, Margaret (an expert in Western music), set down thenotation which is followed till this day.[8]
Today, in the library of Besant Theosophical College inMadanapalle, the framed original English translation isdisplayed.
Media
See also
- An earlier poem by Tagore (Amar Shonar Bangla) was laterselected as the national anthem of Bangladesh.
Notes
- ^ abNational Anthem - Know India.Nation Portal of India. Government of India.
- ^
- ^Volume XII. Tuesday, the 24thJanuary 1950. Online Transcript, Constituent AssemblyDebates
- ^ Ganpuley'sMemoirs.1983. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.p204
- ^
- ^
- ^
- ^ abVani Doraisamy. 'India beats: A Song for theNation'. The Hindu. http://www.hindu.com/mag/2006/03/19/stories/2006031900120400.htm. Retrieved2007-07-25.
- ^'National Anthem - Know India:National Portal of India'. Governament of India
- ^'Tagore and Jana GanaMana'. Monish R. Chatterjee.http://www.countercurrents.org/comm-chatterjee310803.htm.
- ^'India: Are we still singingfor the Empire?'. Pradip Kumar Datta
- ^Tagore and Jana Gana Mana,Monish R. Chatterjee, University of Dayton.
- ^'Bijoe Emmanuel & Ors V.State of Kerala & Ors [1986 INSC 167']. World LegalInformation Institute. August 11, 1986. http://www.worldlii.org/in/cases/INSC/1986/167.html.